Sunday, February 5, 2023

What Greek Version Did The Apostolic Fathers Quote? Part 1: Polycarp



Epistle of Polycarp: 130-160ad

1 Peter 1:8

Polycarp shortly quotes 1 Peter 1:8, he however is somewhat paraphrasing and does not quote word for word. There are no major variants, however he uses the form "ἰδόντες" instead of "εἰδότες", though it is not definitive as it doesn't change much meaning and he is somewhat paraphrasing.

The form "ἰδόντες" is found in the Scrivener Receptus and the Alexandrian text, while "εἰδότες" in the Byzantine and TR (Stephanus).

Polycarp later quotes 1 Peter 1:21, where his quotation follows the Byzantine and the Receptus, using the form "πιστευοντας" instead of "πιστους" found in the Alexandrian text.

Polycarp's quotation of 1 John 4:3 is close to the Byzantine and the Textus Receptus, including the words "in the flesh".

Greek comparison:

μὴ ὁμολογῇ Ἰησοῦν Χριστον ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθέναι (Polycarp)

μη ομολογει ιησουν χριστον εν σαρκι εληλυθοτα (Byzantine)

μη ομολογει τον ιησουν χριστον εν σαρκι εληλυθοτα (Receptus)

μὴ ὁμολογεῖ τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν (Hort)


The form "ἐληλυθέναι" may be different only due to Polycarp quoting from memory or not trying to  reference the text accurately to the absolute letter.

Polycarp quoting Romans 14:10 has the word "Christ" instead of "God", which is in agreement with the Receptus and the Byzantine: 

βηματι του χριστου (Byzantine)

βήματι τοῦ Χριστοῦ (Polycarp)

βήματι τοῦ θεου (Alexandrian)


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